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<title>Superconductors</title>
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<a href="indexr.html">Russian</a>
The discovery, in 
2008, of superconductivity in fluorine-doped iron-lanthanum oxoarsenide LaFeAsO1-xFx 
(Fig. 1) with a critical temperature (Tc) of 26 K caused a tremendous 
interest in the scientific community. This discovery has initiated numerous 
studies on the properties of doped materials LnFeAsO1-xFx, 
as well as an intensive search for new superconducting materials among the 
related systems. The critical temperature raised to 55 K by the present time as 
a result of the significant progress in the synthesis and study of the 
properties of these substances. Four families of superconductors were obtained 
and characterized; thay are the so-called family of 1111 with the general 
formula LnOFeAs (Ln � rare earth metal), the 122 family � AEFe2As2 
(AE = Ca, Sr, Ba and Eu (II)), the 111 family � AFeAs (A = Li, Na), and the 011 
family � FeSe.
Despite the 
diversity of chemical compositions, all known superconductors based on iron 
pnictides exhibit similarities in crystal structure, which is the presence of 
the so-called conductive layers of FeAs with antiflyuorite structure, which 
alternate with the positively charged layers (the so-called charge reservoirs) 
whose nature may differ. Altogether, this leads to a wide variety of 
compositions of superconductors. In the 1111 phases, such blocks have the 
fluorite structure (LnO); in 122 they are alkaline earth metal cations AE(2), in 
phases of the 111 family they are alkali metal cations Li and Na. For the 
appearance of superconductivity, typically, at least one of these layers should 
be doped, leading to either hole or electronic conduction. Under pressure, the 
superconducting properties show up in the undoped 1111 and 122 phases.
The extraordinary 
diversity of chemical composition of the superconducting pnictides and 
chalcogenides of transition metals makes the search for new representatives with 
higher Tc very promising. Currently, the laboratory is involved in 
the implementation of the federal target program under the Ministry of Education 
and Science of the Russian Federation entitled &quot;New inorganic superconductors: 
synthesis, crystal and electronic structure and properties of the pnictides and 
chalcogenides of transition metals&quot;.
For inquired: 
<a href="../r448/index.html">Dr. I.V. Morozov </a>
<a href="../r448/index.html">
.</a>
Last updated:
10.02.2012 15:01:14

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